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Objective@#Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumor worldwide. Metastasis is a marker of cancer deterioration in patients with liver cancer and a major cause of death. In order to develop effective therapeutic strategies, it is urgent to study the molecular basis of liver cancer metastasis.@*Methods@#Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) in HCC. Wound healing and transwell cell invasion assays was used to confirm the role of FASN in liver cancer migration and invasion. Proteins that interacted with FASN were identified using iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification). Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and cellular immunofluorescence analysis were used to assess the interaction between FASN and signal transduction and transcription activator 3 (STAT3). The expression of STAT3, p-STAT3, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 was detected after FASN knockdown using Western blot method. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test.@*Results@#Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of FASN in HCC tissue was higher than that in adjacent tissues. iTRAQ, Co-IP and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that FASN interacted with STAT3. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of p-STAT3, MMP-2 and MMP-9 decreased after FASN knockdown.@*Conclusion@#FASN may promote the metastasis of liver cancer by interacting with STAT3 and affecting the expression of MMP-2/MMP-9.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the benefit of providing branched chain amino acid (BCAA)-enriched nutrition to improve hepatic function in patients undergoing hepatic operation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The electronic databases of PubMed, Springerlink, the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), the Cochrane Library, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for relevant RCTs using the following search terms: nutritional support, enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition, hepatic/liver surgery, liver cirrhosis, cancer, hepatectomy, and liver transplantation. The quality of the retrieved RCTs was assessed according to the scale developed by the Cochrane Collaboration. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan software, version 5.2.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 11 relevant RCTs, representing 510 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. Compared to patients in the control (normal nutrition) group, the patients in the BCAA group experienced an effective improvement in hepatic function, as evidenced by significant decreases in total bilirubin (by 0.07 mumol/L; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.18 to 0.05, P more than 0.05]. In addition, the BCAA group showed improvements in plasma levels of albumin (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.07; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.24, P less than 0.05) and alanine aminotransferase (WMD = +5.61; 95% CI: -8.63 to 19.86, P more than 0.05] but neither of the changes reached the threshold of a statistically significant improvement. The BCAA group did however show significantly lower complication rate after operation (65%, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.87, P less than 0.01] and mean duration of hospital stay (4.61 days; 95% CI: -6.61, -2.61, P less than 0.01].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BCAA-enriched nutrition improves hepatic function in patients undergoing hepatic operation, thereby helping to reduce the complication risk, duration of hospital stay, and financial burden. BCAA-enriched nutrition is a safe and effective therapy and further clinical application may be beneficial.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Amino Acids, Branched-Chain , Therapeutic Uses , Hepatectomy , Methods , Intraoperative Period , Liver , Physiology , General Surgery , Liver Transplantation , Methods , Nutritional Support , Methods , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effects of high glucose on rat brain microvascular endothelial cells(BMEC).Methods: Brain microvascular endothelial cells(BMEC)of Wistar rat cerebral cortex were cultured in 5.05mmol/L glucose,15 and 30mmol/L glucose media respectively for 24h,and then BMEC activity or injury was assayed by observing cell ultramicrostructures morphology and adopting methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay.The ET-1 concentrations were evaluated by radioimmunoassay.Situ hybridization used to detect the ET-1 mRNA expression.Results:The BMEC activity and viability assessed by MTT were decreased when glucose concentrations rose.The ultrastructure of BMEC was damaged and the content of ET-1 in BMEC media was increased.Furthermore,ET-1 mRNA expression was not induced by high concentration of glucose.Conclusions:High concentration of glucose has a significant effect of BMEC injury.The data suggest that ET-1 may play important role in the early state of diabetic microvascular complications.